甘肃科学学报

针对EPS板在上埋式钢波纹管涵减荷措施中的应用，依托工程实例，通过现场测试及数值计算，基于管涵承载特性，分析了EPS板的减荷机制，探讨了采用不同厚度、宽度EPS板减荷时的荷载分布规律及管涵的受力变形特性。结果表明：柔性的钢波纹管涵涵顶平面竖向土压力分布受管涵变形和管-土相对刚度两个因素制约，管涵竖向收敛变形引起填土差异沉降，诱发荷载从涵顶向两侧迁移，管-土刚度差异导致内外侧土柱相对滑动，通过剪切作用向内土柱传递荷载，使涵顶两侧产生局部应力集中现象；在涵顶铺设EPS板可起到有效的减荷作用，其高压缩性可改变土体相对滑动方向；随EPS板厚度增大，填土沉降差异增大，涵顶竖向土压力显著减小，管涵应力降低，变形减小；随EPS板宽度增大，剪切面外移，土体荷载迁移随距离增大而减弱，竖向土压力随之增大，管涵应力提高，变形增大，减荷作用削弱。

Regarding the application of EPS boards as load reduction measures for top-buried steel corrugated pipe culverts, this study analyzes the load reduction mechanism of EPS boards based on the bearing characteristics of the culverts, and explores the load distribution patterns and stress-deformation characteristics of culverts when using EPS boards of different thicknesses and widths based on engineering examples, on-site testing, and numerical calculations.The results show that the vertical soil pressure distribution on the crown plane of flexible steel corrugated pipe culverts is constrained by culvert deformation and relative stiffness between the culvert and soil.The vertical convergent deformation of the culvert causes differential settlement of the backfill layer, inducing load migration from the crown to the sides.The differences in culvert-soil stiffness cause relative sliding between the inner and outer soil columns, which transmits load to the inner soil column through shear, leading to local stress concentration on both sides of the crown.Laying EPS slabs on the culvert crown effectively reduces the load and the high compressibility can change the relative sliding direction of the soil.As the EPS board thickness increases, the differential settlement of the backfill layer increases, the vertical soil pressure at the crown decreases significantly, the culvert stress decreases, and the deformation decreases.Conversely, as the EPS board width increases, the shear plane moves outward, the soil load migration effect weakens with the increased distance, the vertical soil pressure increases accordingly, the culvert stress increases, and the deformation increases, and the load reduction effect weakens.