甘肃科学学报

高原边境地区的道路通达性事关国土安全、社会稳定与经济发展，对区域综合发展具有重要战略意义。以塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县(简称塔县)道路网为研究对象，考虑滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害威胁，系统研究了道路网空间优化方案。首先，综合运用局部莫兰指数、网络分析和最近邻搜索等方法，探究了道路网络在灾害救援中的可达性空间分布特征；其次，基于DEM构建道路网络，量化救援可达性，深入分析不可达灾害点，提出新增救援点及道路优化方案；最后，针对地质灾害威胁下高风险桥梁与道路易损性问题，结合空间优化策略提出了相应的救援点布局调整及道路优化建议。研究结果表明：塔县北部和西部部分地区为自然灾害高风险区，其中北部地区受地震与滑坡/崩塌叠加影响，综合风险水平较高；优化后的新增救援点及道路主要分布于塔县中部、南部交通薄弱区及沿河区域，新增道路后高风险路段减少42.2%,平均救援响应时间缩短约19.8%,有效提升了该地区道路的安全性与灾害应急响应效率。

Road accessibility in plateau border areas is related to national security, social stability and economic development, and has important strategic significance for regional comprehensive development.Taking the road network of Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County(Taxkorgan County for short) as the research object, this paper studies the spatial optimization scheme of the road network in consideration of geological hazards such as landslides and debris flows.Firstly, the spatial distribution characteristics of road network accessibility in disaster relief are systematically studied by using local Moran's index, network analysis and nearest neighbor search.Secondly, the road network is constructed based on DEM to quantify rescue accessibility, inaccessible disaster points are analyzed in depth, and new rescue points and road optimization schemes are proposed.Finally, in view of the vulnerability of high-risk bridges and roads under the threat of geological disasters, combined with the spatial optimization strategy, the corresponding suggestions for the layout adjustment of rescue points and road optimization are put forward.The research results show that the northern and some western areas of Taxkorgan County are high-risk areas for natural disasters.The northern area is affected by the superposition of earthquakes and landslides or collapses, and the comprehensive risk level is relatively high.The newly optimized rescue points and roads are mainly distributed in the traffic weak areas in the central and southern parts of Taxkorgan County and the areas along the river.After the addition of new roads, the number of high-risk sections has decreased by 42.2%,and the average rescue response time has been shortened by approximately 19.8%,which has effectively improved the safety of roads and the efficiency of disaster emergency response in this area.